Published in : Urology | October 21, 2025 |
Medically Reviewed
Testicular torsion is a serious urological emergency where the spermatic cord, which supplies blood to the testicle, twists and cuts off circulation. This condition can cause sudden, severe pain and swelling in the scrotum. If left untreated, it can lead to permanent damage or even loss of the testicle. Early recognition and immediate medical intervention are crucial.
Testicular torsion occurs when the spermatic cord becomes twisted, blocking blood flow to the testicle. Without adequate blood supply, tissues in the testicle can start to die within hours. This condition is most common among teenagers between the ages of 12 and 18 but can occur at any age, even in newborns.
Unlike other scrotal conditions, testicular torsion is not something that resolves on its own. It is a medical emergency that requires surgical intervention to untwist the cord and restore circulation. Delays in treatment increase the risk of complications, including infertility.
The symptoms of testicular torsion usually appear suddenly and worsen quickly. Common signs include:
Intense pain in one testicle, often waking patients from sleep.
Rapid swelling and redness on one side of the scrotum.
Pain may radiate into the lower abdomen or groin area.
Severe pain may be accompanied by systemic symptoms like nausea.
The affected testicle may appear higher than normal or at an unusual angle.
Infants with testicular torsion may present with persistent crying, swelling in the scrotum, or a firm testicle. Since young children cannot always verbalize pain, early evaluation by a specialist is vital.
The causes of testicular torsion are linked to anatomical variations and sudden movements. Some individuals are born with a condition called the “bell clapper deformity,” where the testicles are not properly attached to the scrotum, making them prone to twisting.
Other risk factors include:
While torsion can occur without a clear trigger, those with a family history of the condition may be at higher risk.
If left untreated, testicular torsion can result in severe consequences, such as:
Early recognition and prompt surgery are key to preventing these outcomes.
A urologist typically diagnoses testicular torsion through a combination of physical examination and imaging tests. Key diagnostic methods include:
Checking for swelling, tenderness, and abnormal testicle positioning.
This test measures blood flow to the testicles. Reduced or absent blood flow is a strong indicator of torsion.
Conducted to rule out other conditions like urinary tract infection or epididymitis, which can mimic torsion symptoms.
Since time is critical, if torsion is strongly suspected, doctors may proceed directly to surgery without waiting for imaging.
The treatment for testicular torsion is almost always surgical. The primary goal is to untwist the spermatic cord and restore blood flow.
The urologist makes a small incision in the scrotum, untwists the cord, and restores blood supply.
To prevent recurrence, the surgeon secures both testicles to the scrotum using stitches. Even the unaffected side is fixed as a preventive measure.
Urologists often recommend surgery to determine whether your symptoms are caused by testicular torsion or another condition. At SPARSH Hospitals, Bangalore, our urology and nephrology department is known for its state-of-the-art facilities and an expert medical team that provides comprehensive care before, during, and after the surgery. In addition to testicular torsion, the urology and nephrology department offers a comprehensive range of services under one roof, including advanced endoscopic and laser procedures for kidney stones, laparoscopic urological surgeries, renal transplants, and uro-oncology services.
If the testicle is severely damaged and cannot be saved, removal (orchiectomy) may be necessary.
While testicular torsion cannot always be prevented, timely medical intervention significantly reduces complications. Individuals with recurrent torsion or known anatomical risks may undergo preventive orchiopexy to secure the testicles before a torsion occurs.
Awareness of the warning signs and seeking immediate care are the best defenses against long-term complications.
You should seek emergency medical attention if you or a loved one experiences:
If you are experiencing these symptoms, visit SPARSH Hospitals, a leading urology and nephrology hospital in Bangalore. Our team of specialists provides expert care, advanced diagnostics, and minimally invasive treatments to ensure the best outcomes.
At SPARSH, our specialists not only treat emergencies like torsion but also manage other urological conditions such as:
This integrated approach ensures comprehensive care for patients across all age groups.
Testicular torsion is a critical urological emergency that requires immediate medical attention. Recognizing the symptoms of testicular torsion, understanding its causes, and seeking timely treatment for testicular torsion can make the difference between saving or losing a testicle.
At SPARSH Hospitals, our team of the best urologists in Bangalore combines clinical expertise with cutting-edge technology. As a trusted urology and nephrology hospital in Bangalore, we are committed to providing comprehensive treatment for conditions ranging from testicular torsion to kidney failure and bladder cancer.
If you or someone you know experiences sudden testicular pain, don’t delay—visit SPARSH immediately for expert care.
Testicular torsion is a condition where the spermatic cord twists, cutting off blood supply to the testicle. It is a medical emergency requiring immediate surgery.
Severe scrotal pain, swelling, abdominal discomfort, nausea, and a high-riding testicle are common symptoms.
Yes. Untreated torsion can lead to testicle loss, infertility, and long-term pain. Prompt surgery reduces the risk.
Emergency surgery is the standard treatment. The testicle is untwisted and secured to prevent recurrence.
SPARSH Hospitals is home to some of the best urologists in Bangalore, offering advanced care for testicular torsion and other urological conditions.
Categories: Urology
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